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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 저널정보
- 환경독성보건학회 Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology Environmental Health and Toxicology Vol.31
- 발행연도
- 2016.12
- 수록면
- 1 - 13 (13page)
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Objectives To investigate the accuracy and scientific validity of the current very low risk factor for hereditary diseases in humans following exposures to ionizing radiation adopted by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation and the International Commission on Radiological Protection. The value is based on experiments on mice due to reportedly absent effects in the Japanese atomic bomb (Abomb) survivors.
Methods To review the published evidence for heritable effects after ionising radiation exposures particularly, but not restricted to, populations exposed to contamination from the Chernobyl accident and from atmospheric nuclear test fallout. To make a compilation of findings about early deaths, congenital malformations, Down’s syndrome, cancer and other genetic effects observed in humans after the exposure of the parents. To also examine more closely the evidence from the Japanese A-bomb epidemiology and discuss its scientific validity.
Results Nearly all types of hereditary defects were found at doses as low as one to 10 mSv. We discuss the clash between the current risk model and these observations on the basis of biological mechanism and assumptions about linear relationships between dose and effect in neonatal and foetal epidemiology. The evidence supports a dose response relationship which is non-linear and is either biphasic or supralinear (hogs-back) and largely either saturates or falls above 10 mSv.
Conclusions We conclude that the current risk model for heritable effects of radiation is unsafe. The dose response relationship is non-linear with the greatest effects at the lowest doses. Using Chernobyl data we derive an excess relative risk for all malformations of 1.0 per 10 mSv cumulative dose. The safety of the Japanese A-bomb epidemiology is argued to be both scientifically and philosophically questionable owing to errors in the choice of control groups, omission of internal exposure effects and assumptions about linear dose response.
Methods To review the published evidence for heritable effects after ionising radiation exposures particularly, but not restricted to, populations exposed to contamination from the Chernobyl accident and from atmospheric nuclear test fallout. To make a compilation of findings about early deaths, congenital malformations, Down’s syndrome, cancer and other genetic effects observed in humans after the exposure of the parents. To also examine more closely the evidence from the Japanese A-bomb epidemiology and discuss its scientific validity.
Results Nearly all types of hereditary defects were found at doses as low as one to 10 mSv. We discuss the clash between the current risk model and these observations on the basis of biological mechanism and assumptions about linear relationships between dose and effect in neonatal and foetal epidemiology. The evidence supports a dose response relationship which is non-linear and is either biphasic or supralinear (hogs-back) and largely either saturates or falls above 10 mSv.
Conclusions We conclude that the current risk model for heritable effects of radiation is unsafe. The dose response relationship is non-linear with the greatest effects at the lowest doses. Using Chernobyl data we derive an excess relative risk for all malformations of 1.0 per 10 mSv cumulative dose. The safety of the Japanese A-bomb epidemiology is argued to be both scientifically and philosophically questionable owing to errors in the choice of control groups, omission of internal exposure effects and assumptions about linear dose response.
목차
Introduction
Findings in Children Born After the Chernobyl Accident and in Kazakhstan
Hereditary Effects in Children of Exposed Mothers
Findings in the Descendants of Occupationally Exposed Men Including Nuclear Test Veterans
Sex-ratio and X-linked Lethal Factors
Atmospheric Weapons test Fallout
Genetic vs. Genomic, Mendelian vs. In Utero
How Is It That the ICRP Risk Coefficient Is Wrong?
What Is the Correct Risk Coefficient?
Conclusion
References
참고문헌 (84)
참고문헌 신청
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Muller HJ / 1950 / Radiation damage to the genetic material / Am Sci 38 (1) : 33 ~ 59
[인터넷자원] - International Commission on Radiological Protection / / The 2007recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection
[인터넷자원] - International Commission on Radiological Protection / / 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection
[인터넷자원] - United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation / / UNSCEAR 2001 report: hereditary effects of radiation
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Doll R / 1973 / Hazards of the first nine months: an epidemiologist’s nightmare / J Ir Med Assoc 66 (5) : 117 ~ 126
[인터넷자원] - International Commission on Radiological Protection / / The 2007recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection
[인터넷자원] - International Commission on Radiological Protection / / 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection
[인터넷자원] - United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation / / UNSCEAR 2001 report: hereditary effects of radiation
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Doll R / 1973 / Hazards of the first nine months: an epidemiologist’s nightmare / J Ir Med Assoc 66 (5) : 117 ~ 126
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2017-539-002198495